Given Turkmenistan’s place as one of the leading natural gas producers in the world, large foreign currency earnings, and interest in diversification of its economy, there are significant opportunities for U.S. exporters. However, patience (many deals take years to materialize) and a willingness to navigate the Turkmen bureaucracy are required.
Furthermore, the GoTM and GoTM-controlled entities (including Turkmen Oil, Turkmen Gas, and Turkmen Chemicals) have a reputation for non-payment of its contracts with international firms, thus most U.S. companies require prepayment in USD or a contract for payment with the State Bank for Foreign Economic Affairs. It is not advisable to sell through an intermediary without prepayment because the intermediary will typically be paid in manat which they likely cannot convert at the official rate and thus will be unable to pay the U.S. company. The GoTM, or GoTM-owned companies, occasionally proposes barter deals for international partners, such as trading spare parts for offtake of refined products. However, delivery of the promised products may be delayed for long periods, therefore most U.S. companies insist on receiving the goods before delivering their product.
Below are the main sectors that historically have attracted foreign companies to Turkmenistan.