Overview
In 2024, Tajikistan’s agricultural sector accounted for almost 23 percent of the country’s GDP, 25 percent of exports, and over 60 percent of total employment. The sector grew 10.6 percent over the prior year. This was driven by state support, favorable climatic conditions, and strategic investments in key crops. Sericulture saw significant expansion, with silkworm cocoon production increasing 1.6 times to 361.5 tons, supported by mulberry planting initiatives. Fruit production reached 823 thousand tons, with notable increases in grapes (up 50 percent to 290 thousand tons), apricots (up 30.5 percent to 313 thousand tons), and apples (up 22.3 percent to 277 thousand tons). Melon production, primarily watermelons, grew by 13.4 percent to 1.15 million tons, benefiting from cultivation across 18,000 hectares and up to four harvests per season. Potato yields rose by 10.4 percent to 1.264 million tons, while onion production hit a record 837 thousand tons (up 7.3 percent), ranking Tajikistan second globally in per capita onion consumption (65 kilograms per person) and driving exports to Russia and Kazakhstan. Other significant crops included grains (1.828 million tons, with wheat accounting for 880,000 tons, up 2.4 percent), vegetables excluding potatoes (3.289 million tons, up 8.7 percent), and animal feed (1.875 million tons, up 2 percent). These trends underscore Tajikistan’s growing agricultural productivity and export potential, particularly in high-demand regional markets.
Agriculture is split between 70 percent crop production and 30 percent animal husbandry. Chicken and cattle are the primary animals raised, with cattle split between beef production and dairy. Poultry is an expanding market, with local demand currently estimated at 70 thousand tons. Similarly, fish farming has recently expanded, with production reaching more than 3,500 tons. Farms in the country are generally small, with only a few large state farms. Most plots are divided into dekhan – midsized peasant farms that are legally and physically distinct from household plots, sized at about 20 hectares. These dekhan farms are often gathered into associations or collectives, but each farm is essentially independent of others. Innovations in increasing productivity, efficiency, or crop yields are potential markets.
Tajikistan has historically produced cotton. Previously, high-quality textiles were hand-produced in the region. Today, Tajikistan largely exports bulk raw cotton for other countries to process. Tajikistan wants to increase the quality of its cotton and begin moving up the value chain on textiles, moving from raw cotton to yarns, yarns and threads to fabrics, and fabrics to finished pieces.
Table: Agricultural Market Size, US$, millions
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 estimated |
Total Exports | $361.0
| $253.0 | $229.0 | $250.0 |
Total Imports | $1556.0
| $671.0 | $745.3 | $850.0 |
Imports from the US | $.15 | $4.6 | $5.2 | $6.0 |
Trade Surplus/Deficit | ($-1.195) | ($-420) | ($-516.3) | ($-600.0) |
Exchange Rates | $1= 10.2153 | $1 = 10,8445 | $1=10.7993 | $1=10.6432 |
Units: $ millions
Source: TajStat, NBT, USDA
Leading Sub-sectors
Key demands in the agricultural sector:
Poultry and farm-fish stocks for domestic production; poultry and farm-fish meat for consumption. Equipment for raising chickens and fish. Processing equipment for meats from chicken and fish. Preservation and packaging.
Seeds of super-elite and elite agricultural crops, including drought-resistant strains, and strains suitable for a mountainous, extreme environment
Activities related to the supply or export of cotton fiber, cotton yarn, and raw cotton
Agricultural chemical products and fertilizer applicators
Farm machinery, agricultural storage and processing equipment, yield enhancement technologies
Innovative technologies in livestock and poultry industries and veterinary products and services
Food processing equipment
Innovative water saving technologies in irrigation
Precise agriculture equipment and technologies
Technologies for weather monitoring and forecasting in agriculture
Resources
Networking Events and Trade Shows
FAO/WFP Forum on Climate Resilient Agriculture – May 2025
Bokhtar Food –2025 export forum – date TBD
Sada Festival – February 2025
International Universal Exhibition “Tajikistan - 2025”
Contact: Exhibition Director, Dilshod Mirsaidov
WhatsApp: +992 900 91 9999
Phone: +992 37 227-13-78
Email: mirsaidov.d@inbox.ru