According to UNCTAD, China has 109 bilateral investment treaties (BITs) in force and multiple free trade agreements (FTAs) with investment chapters.  The United States and China do not have a BIT and last held BIT negotiations in 2016.  For a list of China’s BITs, see UNCTAD’s Investment Policy Hub. 

As of the end of 2024, China had signed 23 free trade agreements (FTAs), involving 30 trading partners.  Recent agreements include an agreement on service trade and investment with Belarus signed August 22, 2024, and FTAs with Nicaragua, Ecuador, and Serbia taking effect January 2024.  These agreements include provisions on expropriation, most-favored-nation treatment, and investment arbitration mechanisms.  Compared to U.S.-equivalent agreements, China’s agreements generally offer fewer protections to foreign investors.  A list of China’s signed FTAs can be found on MOFCOM’s China FTA Network website.  In 1984, the United States and China concluded a bilateral taxation treaty.  As of December 31, 2024, China had concluded tax treaties/arrangements with 111 countries/regions, of which 105 have come into force.  A full list of China-signed tax treaties is available from the Chinese State Tax Administration.  China is one of the 145 members of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS).