Most goods have no specific labeling requirements. However, medicines and goods meant for human consumption are required to list ingredients and expiration dates in English. Labeling may be in any language; Malawi’s official language is English. Chichewa, Tumbuka, Yao, Ngoni, Tonga, and Lhomwe are national and local languages.
Medicine labels are monitored by the Pharmacy, Medicines, and Poisons Board (PMPB) and the Malawi Bureau of Standards (MBS) is responsible for ensuring all products are properly labeled and marked. The Malawi Standards require that goods be properly and indelibly marked, as well as labelled with the name of the product, the name and address of the manufacturer, the product best before and production dates, the batch number, ingredients, and net contents. This is stipulated in various product standards and general labelling standards such as MS 19: 2010 (Labelling of Prepacked Foods – General Standard) and MS 722: 2005 (Labelling Presentation of Prepacked Goods for the Ultimate Consumer). The Merchandise Act also requires that goods should indicate the origin, marked conspicuously according to standards, with quantities and nature of goods specified. The Competition and Fair-Trading Commission (CFTC) also works to ensure that consumers are protected from unfair trade practices.